C H A P T E R 16

Testing Methods for

Mosquito-Repellent Treated

Textiles

Hitoshi Kawada

Department of Vector Ecology & Environment,

Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University,

Nagasaki, Japan

Rui-De Xue*

Anastasia Mosquito Control District,

St. Augustine, Florida, USA

* corresponding author, e-mail: rxue@amcdfl.org

CONTENTS

16.1

Introduction ...............................................................

255

16.2

Active ingredient ..........................................................

256

16.3

Treated method ...........................................................

256

16.4

Laboratory testing .........................................................

256

16.5

Field Testing ..............................................................

261

16.6

Influencing factors ........................................................

265

16.7

Challenges and conclusions: Towards an international standard .............

265

16.1

INTRODUCTION

The global threat of mosquito-borne infectious diseases continues to spread every year,

in-part due to the worldwide horizontal and vertical expansion of vector mosquito species

caused by increasing human movement, as well as global warming (Kawada et al. 2020).

Accordingly, consumers’ needs of anti-mosquito textiles with enhanced functionality for

protecting against mosquito biting or limiting human exposure to mosquitos is needed. The

use of insecticide or repellent-treated bed nets, head nets, jackets, uniforms, and curtains

are also increasing. Over the years, long-lasting insecticidal treated bed nets (LLIN) and

uniforms have played a major role in the control of mosquito-borne diseases (Carnevale

& Gay 2019). The World Health Organization (WHO) has established guidelines for lab-

oratory and field testing of LLIN’s (WHO 2005) which is similar to the repellent treated

DOI: 10.1201/9781003035992-16

255